八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)第二單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)
隨著全球化的發(fā)展,英語(yǔ)已成為連接世界的橋梁,學(xué)好英語(yǔ)將有助于個(gè)人在職業(yè)、學(xué)術(shù)和文化等方面取得更多的機(jī)會(huì)和成功。以下是小編為大家?guī)淼陌四昙?jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)第二單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理,歡迎參閱呀!
八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)第二單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理
一、詞語(yǔ):
1.matter: [′m?t?]
1)名詞 n. ① 事情;問題;事件[C]
It was a matter of life and death for them.這事對(duì)他們來說是生死攸關(guān)。
What is the matter with this car?這輛汽車出了什么毛病?
2)不及物動(dòng)詞 vi.
①(常用于否定句和疑問句)有關(guān)系,要緊。
②It does not matter(if…)(即使……也)不要緊 例如:
When talking about fighting battles, Comrade Liu Bocheng often quotes a Sichuan proverb "It does not matter if it is a yellow cat or a black cat, as long as it catches mice."
2.back: [b?k]
1)名詞 n.① 背脊,背部[C](in and on 的用法)
Someone patted me on the back. 有人在我背上輕輕地拍了一下。
②后部[the S][(+of)]
Grandpa and grandma sat in the back of the car.
2)副詞 adv..在原處;回原處
come back
形容詞 adj. [Z]后面的,后部的
He sat in the back seat of the car. 他坐在車子后面的座位上。
3.Rest:[rest]
1)不及物動(dòng)詞 vi. 休息;睡; rests with sb ,
2) 及物動(dòng)詞 The doctor tried to rest his patient's mind at ease.
3) The rest of the eggs , have a rest
4、5.so: [s?u]
1)副詞 adv. 這么,那么;【口】多么,非常
I'm so pleased to see you. 看到你我真高興。
2)連接詞 conj. 因此,所以,它不能與because連用。
The monitor was ill so I went in his place班長(zhǎng)病了所以我代他去。
3)I think the weather will be fine. ——I think so.
5.illness: [′ilnis]
名詞 n. 患病(狀態(tài));身體不適[U]
During his illness, John stayed indoors.約翰在生病期間足不出戶。
它是由形容詞ill+名詞后綴-ness構(gòu)成,其同義詞為sickness.
【拓展】類似的詞有:
carelessness粗心;happiness幸福;darkness黑暗;kindness好意
6. Way ;
道路④方向 Come this way, please.請(qǐng)這邊來。
【短語(yǔ)】1)on the/one'sway (to)…在去某地的路上。例如:
On the way to the airport,they hear the report.
7. angry:[′??gri]
形容詞adj.憤怒的,生氣的,其副詞形式為angrily.
1)be angry with sb.生某人的氣;2)be angry at sth.因某事生氣。例如:
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.
我對(duì)他很生氣,因?yàn)樗屛业攘撕镁谩?/p>
What are you angry at?你因何事生氣?
The man left the room angrily.那個(gè)人生氣地離開了房間。
8.western: [′west?n]
西方的;來自西方的,它是west的形容詞。 例如:
People in western countries have different traditions.
西方國(guó)家的人們有著不同的傳統(tǒng)。
【積累】類似的詞有:east——eastern東方的 north——northern北方的
south——southern南方的
9. It is important to do sth.
10.moment: [′m?um?nt]
名詞 n. 瞬間;片刻[C]
Just a moment, she's coming. 請(qǐng)稍等,她馬上來。
in a moment一會(huì)兒,馬上;
at any moment隨時(shí),在任何時(shí)候;
at the last moment在最后關(guān)頭;
at the moment此刻,(正在)那時(shí);
for a moment片刻,一會(huì)兒
11. You are late for school.
12.until:[?n'til]
conj.&prep. (=till) 直到...時(shí),到...為止
1) until
I waited until he came back.我一直等到他回來。
The war lasted until 1945.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)持續(xù)到1945年。
2) not … until
I didn't leave the boy until his mother turned up.
直到這孩子的母親來,我才離開。
The noise of the street didn't stop until it was midnight.
街上的噪音直到半夜才停止。
2)當(dāng)Not until位于句首時(shí),句子要倒裝。
Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.
3)not until的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)為:It is / was not until+從句/表時(shí)間的詞+that+...。
It was not until the teacher came in that the students stopped talking.
二.短語(yǔ)
have a headache (患)頭痛have a sore back 背痛
have a (bad) cold (重)感冒have a sore throat 喉嚨痛
lie down 躺下have a stomachache 肚子痛
hot tea with honey 加有蜂蜜的熱茶see a dentist 看牙醫(yī)
two days ago 兩天前 have a fever 發(fā)燒
be stressed out 緊張的 listen to music 聽音樂
for example 例如No problem 沒問題
too much + 不可數(shù)名詞 太多的… much too +形/副 實(shí)在太…
too many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 太多的…a balanced diet 平衡飲食
have a rest 休息
a few + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 少許… a little + 不可數(shù)名詞/形/副 一點(diǎn)…
at the moment=now 此時(shí),此刻 host family 寄宿家庭
good idea 好主意
healthy food 健康食品conversation practice 對(duì)話練習(xí)
a lot of 很多
三、重點(diǎn)句型:
1. I have a sore throat. 我喉嚨痛。
2. Maybe you should see a dentist. 也許你應(yīng)該看看牙醫(yī)。
4. I’m stressed out. 我壓力太大。
5. It’s important to eat a balanced diet. 平衡飲食很重要。
6. You should eat fruit and other healthy food.
你應(yīng)該吃水果和其它的健康食品。
7. You should lie down and rest. 你應(yīng)該躺下來休息。
8. I like to listen to music. 我喜歡聽音樂。
9. I really need some conversation practice. 我的確需要一些對(duì)話練習(xí)。
10.I have a lot of headaches. 我頭痛得很厲害。
11.What’s the matter (with you )? (你)怎么啦?
I’m not feeling well. 我感覺不舒服。
12.That’s a good idea. 好主意。
13.I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你盡快好起來。
Grammar:
5.知識(shí)“太多”“也”不多:
1)too many,too much與much too(太……)
1.Today,_____trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world.
A.much too B.too much C.many too D.too many (1999年遼寧中考)
2.He can't hear you because there is _____noise here.(1999年黑龍江中考)
A.very much B.too much C.much too D.so many
3.The sweater is very beautiful,but it's _____dear.(1999年吉林中考)
A.too much B.much too C.many D.more
2. 2)also,too,either與as well(也)
初二上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理
have或has是助動(dòng)詞,has用于第三人稱單數(shù),其它人稱一律用have。
疑問句
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句式是把助動(dòng)詞have或has提到主語(yǔ)之前。
回答:Yes, … have(has).
No, … haven’t(hasn’t).
否定句:
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+過去分詞”。
3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):already, just, yet, since, ever, never;
4. 與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別:一般過去時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在過去發(fā)生,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì) 現(xiàn)在造成了影響和后果。
5.一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):yesterday, just now, …ago, last week, 2 years ago,in 1980等。
例:
We planted (plant) some flowers in the garden last week.
I have sent (send) the letter.
He has come (come ) back home, he is watching (watch) TV now.
David finished (finish) his homework just now.
The monkeys are full, because we have fed (feed) them.
A: I have lost (lose) my purse!
B. Bad luck! When did you lose (lose) it?
A: I lost (lose) it last night.
與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的幾個(gè)副詞:already, just, ever, yet, never
肯定句: already, just
疑問句和否定句: ever, yet, never
yet 常置于句末
already, never, ever just一般置于助動(dòng)詞have/has之后,過去分詞之前.
例:用 already, just或never, yet完成句子
1) I have been to many big cities, but I have never been to Shanghai.
2) Most of us have already finished our compositions.
3) Have they taken down the old pictures yet ? No, not yet .
4) He has already visited Beijing twice.
5) I have just heard the news. I know it.
7. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的for和since
(1)for + 一段時(shí)間(用How long提問)
We have known each other for ten years. 我們相識(shí)10年了。
(2)since + 句子/具體時(shí)間
since 引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或從句用How long提問
①since+過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)(具體的年、月、日、鐘點(diǎn)等)。
Tom has eaten nothing since yesterday.
②since + 一段時(shí)間+ago
We have been friends since five months ago. 從5個(gè)月前起,我們就成了朋友。
③since+從句,表示“自過去某個(gè)時(shí)間、某件事情以來”,從句時(shí)態(tài):一般過去時(shí)。
I have lived here since I left Shanghai.
④It is+一段時(shí)間+since從句,表示“自從某件事發(fā)生已有一段時(shí)間了”。
It is two years since I left school.
8. 在含for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能直接和for或since 連用。
leave --- be away die --- be dead
begin/start --- be on finish --- be over
come here --- be here go there --- be there
come back --- be back fall asleep --- be asleep
get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in) leave --- be away from
go (get) out --- be out open sth --- keep sth open
join --- be in+組織機(jī)構(gòu)/be a member of+組織機(jī)構(gòu)
fall ill --- be ill get up --- be up
catch a cold --- have a cold borrow --- keep
buy --- have get to know --- know
put on---wear
例:
1. The old man died 4 years ago.
The old man has been dead for 4 years.
2. It is 4 years since the old man died.
Four years has passed since the old man died.
3. He joined the Party 2 years ago.
He has been in the Party for 2 years.
4. I bought the book 5 days ago.
I have had the book for 5 days.
初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納復(fù)習(xí)
Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?
1.goonvacation去度假
2.stayathome待在家里
3.gotothemountains去爬山
4.gotothebeach
5.visitmuseums
6.gotosummercamp
7.quiteafew
8.studyfor
9.goout
10.mostofthetime
11.tastegood
12.haveagoodtime
13.ofcourse
14.feellike
15.goshopping
16.inthepast
17.walkaround
18.becauseof
19.onebowlof…
20.thenextday去海灘參觀博物館去參加夏令營(yíng)相當(dāng)多為……而學(xué)習(xí)大部分時(shí)間嘗起來很好吃玩得高興當(dāng)然給……的感覺;感受到去購(gòu)物在過去四處走走因?yàn)橐煌搿诙斐鋈?/p>
21.drinktea喝茶
22.findout找出;查明
23.goon繼續(xù)
24.takephotos照相
25.somethingimportant重要的事
26.upanddown上上下下
27.comeup出來
28.buysth.forsb./buysb.sth.為某人買某物
29.taste+adj.嘗起來……
30.look+adj.看起來……
31.nothing…but+動(dòng)詞原形除了……之外什么都沒有
32.seem+(tobe)+adj.看起來……
33.arrivein+大地點(diǎn)/arriveat+小地點(diǎn)到達(dá)某地
34.decidetodosth.決定去做某事
35.trydoingsth.嘗試做某事/
36.trytodosth.盡力去做某事
37.forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事/
38.forgettodosth.忘記做某事
39.enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事
40.wanttodosth.想去做某事
中考英語(yǔ)快速提分方法
1、在中考英語(yǔ)備考時(shí),首先靜下心把英語(yǔ)老師給你的練習(xí)卷子甚至做過的一些練習(xí)題里的錯(cuò)題整理出來,專門抄寫在一個(gè)本上,然后自己把錯(cuò)題重新再做一遍。這個(gè)本的正面一頁(yè)是錯(cuò)題的原題,背面是答案,這樣錯(cuò)題本就可以反復(fù)使用。做完以后就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還有哪些不明白、不準(zhǔn)確的都要做一個(gè)記錄。直到得到正確的解答,可以把這道題先暫時(shí)放一下,過兩天,拿出來再做一遍。這叫做排除錯(cuò)題,減少自己錯(cuò)誤率的方法,是復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法的好方法。
2、培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感很重要,你可以每天堅(jiān)持讀誦半小時(shí),大聲地朗讀和背誦所學(xué)過的課文、對(duì)話、單詞,通過朗讀和背誦進(jìn)行聽、說訓(xùn)練。如果有磁帶的話,可以每天堅(jiān)持邊聽磁帶、邊做題,把學(xué)過的課目做一次全面復(fù)習(xí)。
3、了解考試,一般來說,中考考題中70%應(yīng)該是基礎(chǔ)題,20%為中等題,10%才是難題。所以,應(yīng)該把復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)和考試時(shí)花得最多的時(shí)間,放在閱讀文章、完形填空和寫作上,你應(yīng)在這些方面多多練習(xí)。
4、重點(diǎn)是要背單詞,單詞是基礎(chǔ)。
5、然后是語(yǔ)法,多背多看語(yǔ)法,在上學(xué)的路上、洗漱的時(shí)間,可以看看語(yǔ)法,或者找一個(gè)固定的時(shí)間或晚上背語(yǔ)法。
6、多做題。訓(xùn)練聽力要提前看題,要集中注意力去聽。單選、完形、閱讀可以買專門的題來做。
7、會(huì)語(yǔ)法,自然就能練成句子,作文也就沒問題。如果在寫單詞時(shí),一時(shí)想不起怎么拼寫,就要換一個(gè)意思相同用法相同的詞來代替,或者直接換一個(gè)句子。
中考英語(yǔ)答題技巧
聽力答題技巧:
1、勾劃題重點(diǎn),關(guān)鍵詞,特別是一般疑問句的答語(yǔ)。
2、做好筆記,學(xué)會(huì)記下數(shù)字,比如時(shí)間,數(shù)字,年份等,因?yàn)楹芏鄷r(shí)候關(guān)于數(shù)字需要進(jìn)行計(jì)算,而不是簡(jiǎn)單的答案。
3、聽短文時(shí),特別注意題目的關(guān)鍵詞,以及選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞,帶著問題有目的地聽短文,沒聽到的及時(shí)看下一題,等下一遍的時(shí)候再做之前沒做的。
完形填空解題技巧:
1、第一遍要通讀全文,掌握大意,不用急著做題。
2、抓住結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)意及邏輯三條線索,推斷和預(yù)測(cè)選項(xiàng)。利用上下文的提示,用學(xué)過的`知識(shí)和已有的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn),掃清部分詞匯理解上的障礙。必須從空缺句的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)入手,從語(yǔ)法、詞語(yǔ)固定搭配、詞形變化等角度考慮,務(wù)必使所填的單詞準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤。
3、要特別注意語(yǔ)法,如單詞的各種形式的變化,種類句型的結(jié)構(gòu)等。
4、選項(xiàng)填完后,通讀全文,仔細(xì)檢查。驗(yàn)證答案,修正錯(cuò)誤,著重注意這幾點(diǎn):
(1)文章是否順暢;
(2)所填單詞是否是最適合的單詞;
(3)所填單詞搭配是否有誤。
英語(yǔ)作文寫作技巧:
1、認(rèn)真審題:弄清楚該題目究竟要表達(dá)什么,吃透要求,選好人稱、有提示詞,不要漏掉提示詞語(yǔ)。
2、語(yǔ)言地道:盡量使用你初中讀本中學(xué)過的句子、常用的短語(yǔ)、習(xí)慣用法。表達(dá)要正確。
3、不要跑題:理解脈絡(luò),抓住重點(diǎn)。
4、仔細(xì)檢查:注意時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、人稱是否上下文一致,單詞是否有單復(fù)數(shù)的錯(cuò)誤,拼寫的錯(cuò)誤,字?jǐn)?shù)是否達(dá)到要求等。