雅思閱讀的5種句型結(jié)構(gòu)分析

陳鈴1147由分享時(shí)間：2020-10-09 08:58:00

雅思閱讀中出現(xiàn)的5種句型結(jié)構(gòu)不僅在雅思閱讀中常出現(xiàn)，也是英語中基本的5種句型結(jié)構(gòu)。這些句型在出現(xiàn)時(shí)基本會(huì)出現(xiàn)邏輯詞，下面小編就和大家分享雅思閱讀中出現(xiàn)的5種句型結(jié)構(gòu)分析，來欣賞一下吧。

雅思閱讀中出現(xiàn)的5種句型結(jié)構(gòu)分析

1. 表轉(zhuǎn)折：

but, however, yet, in fact, on the other hand;

A, but B: 否定A而肯定B，則A，B兩部分內(nèi)容是相反的。

例如：Computerized data storage and electronic mail were to have heralded the paper less office. But, contrary to expectations, paper consumption throughout the world shows no sign of abating .

解釋：paper less 表示負(fù)向，則but后no sign of abating 表示正向，所以abating是表示負(fù)向的詞。

總結(jié)：此種方法有利于在不認(rèn)識(shí)單詞的前提下讀懂句子意思，很有幫助，但一定要練習(xí)，而且要敏感。

練習(xí)：The marginal costs of generating electricity from nuclear energy may be tiny, but , as the technology now stands, huge and uncertain costs are involved in building the power stations, dealing with spent fuel, and decommissioning.

2. 表讓步：

(1)although：although A, B:盡管有A，B還是出現(xiàn)了(A，B互不影響)若A是正，那B就是負(fù)的。

例如：Although the world regards Asia as the focus of an economic and industrial miracle, without adequate supplies of food, Lampe says, chaos could easily result in many countries.

解釋：miracle奇跡，表正向,則but后的chaos是一個(gè)表負(fù)向的詞。

(2)while：五個(gè)含義：

A. although：雖然，盡管

B. as long as：只要

C. whereas, but：表轉(zhuǎn)折

D.when：當(dāng)。。。的時(shí)候

E. n. 表一段時(shí)間

例如：While ducks offer many advantages over hens, they must be given greater quality of food, especially if regular eggs are desired.

解釋：原文在本段之前講鴨子的好，在本段之后講它的不好。

(3)Albeit：盡管，雖然

例如：Albeit true but not now.

3. 表并列：A and B

A...and B...

(1) 并列雙方性質(zhì)相同;

(2) 當(dāng)A、B都比較復(fù)雜時(shí)，應(yīng)該從最后一項(xiàng)找起，根據(jù)B的形式到前文找到A

例如：The modern city consists of monstrous edifices and of dark, narrow streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the noise of the taxicabs, lorries and buses, and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds.

解釋：此句話中共有四個(gè)and ,第一個(gè)and 并列of 結(jié)構(gòu)，第二個(gè)and 并列fumes和toxic,第三個(gè)and并列taxicabs, lorries 和buses, 第四個(gè)and并列full of …, torn by… 和thronged…

4 表遞進(jìn)：沒有轉(zhuǎn)折的意思，后項(xiàng)承接上文。

A furthermore B

A moreover B

A besides B

A為正向，B 仍為正向。

5 表順序或過程：

(1) first, then, next, later on, finally

(2) 1st, 2nd, 3rd…

(3) in the first place, in the second place…

以上就是雅思閱讀中出現(xiàn)的5種句型結(jié)構(gòu)分析的全部?jī)?nèi)容。這5種句型都有相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞語，這些詞語就是表示句子間和句子內(nèi)關(guān)系的邏輯詞。這些邏輯詞在解題時(shí)對(duì)于文章內(nèi)容的定位也有一定幫助，比如通常but之后才會(huì)出現(xiàn)作者真正的觀點(diǎn)等等。我們?cè)诮忸}時(shí)也可以活用這些句型結(jié)構(gòu)里面的邏輯詞。

雅思閱讀材料：委內(nèi)瑞拉油價(jià)世界0.8元/升

英國(guó)一家名為This is Money的網(wǎng)站聯(lián)合一家汽車網(wǎng)站對(duì)世界各國(guó)的油價(jià)分析對(duì)比后選出全球油價(jià)的十個(gè)國(guó)家，委內(nèi)瑞拉以每升8便士(合人民幣0.8元)的價(jià)格連續(xù)第二年居首，居民月度油費(fèi)支出占月收入的2.73%。其余9個(gè)國(guó)家汽油價(jià)格由低到高分別為埃及、沙特阿拉伯、卡塔爾、巴林、利比亞、土庫曼斯坦、科威特、阿爾及利亞以及伊朗。除油價(jià)以外，此次評(píng)選還對(duì)各國(guó)居民油費(fèi)開支占月收入的比重進(jìn)行了調(diào)查分析。結(jié)果顯示，有些國(guó)家雖然油價(jià)很低，但因?yàn)榫用袷杖肫毡槠?，油費(fèi)支出占月收入的比例卻很高。比如，土庫曼斯坦的油價(jià)僅為每升17便士，每月的油費(fèi)支出約為21英鎊(約合人民幣212元)，但因?yàn)槠骄率杖雰H有115英鎊左右，所以油費(fèi)支出占到了月收入的17.79%。如果按此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)計(jì)算，卡塔爾應(yīng)該為世界上油價(jià)水平的國(guó)家?！陡２妓埂冯s志將卡塔爾稱為世界上最富有的國(guó)家，其國(guó)民每月的稅后收入達(dá)3665英鎊(約合人民幣37014元)，而卡塔爾的油價(jià)僅為每升12便士，月度油費(fèi)支出只占月收入的0.4%。

Petrol prices in Britain remain a consistent sore talking point for motorists - it’s not surprising considering costs have almost doubled in the last 10 years.

According to AA figures, the average litre of unleaded in Britain in August 2002 was 74.8p. This has rocketed to 135.52p this month. At the same time, Brent Crude oil prices have risen from an average of $28 to more than $113 now.

It is clear that car owners in Britain have some of the most expensive costs when it comes to filling up their motor. But what about the flipside – which countries have the cheapest unleaded?

In the second exclusive annual cheapest petrol worldwide report by This is Money, alongside new and used car website Evans Halshaw, we reveal just how cheap it is to fill up a car in other areas around the world.

We also compare petrol prices to wages in each country mentioned – and reveal that one country spends just 0.4 percent of disposable income on petrol, while another sees motorists spend almost 20 percent of their income on filling up their car, despite the cheap fuel costs.

Venezuela has taken the crown for the cheapest petrol in the world for the second year running in our annual report.

Those that live in the country see cheap petrol as a birthright. An increase in prices at the pump in the late 1980s resulted in riots in Caracas and ultimately current president Hugo Chavez’s political rise.

It is so cheap in the country that petrol smuggling is thought to be a bigger business than drug smuggling – with neighbours such as Colombia paying more than 40 times the price for petrol, you can see why.

According to the statistics however, the average citizen’s income after tax is ￡354.48. This means that on average, 2.73 percent of wages are spent on filling up the motor.

This is cheap compared to some of the countries we revealed have the highest petrol costs in the world.

In Norway, where the price of unleaded is the most expensive 164p a litre (April 2012) the average person spends 7.4 percent of their wage to fill up their tank.

There is no doubt that Venezuelans have it good when it comes to petrol prices and how much they spend on filling up their cars, but it’s oil-rich nations in the Middle East that benefit from not only low petrol costs, but high wages as well.

Topping the list is Qatar, where the average person spends 0.4 percent of their wage on unleaded petrol. Saudi Arabia is not far behind with 0.98 percent, while Kuwait (1.2 percent) and Bahrain (1.81 percent) also beat Venezuela.

Qatar pays some of the highest wages in the world. The country, which will host the football World Cup in 2022, has a population of roughly 1.7million.

According to Forbes Magazine, it is the richest nation in the world. The research has found the average take home pay after tax is a mammoth ￡3,664.92 monthly, while the average petrol price is 12p a litre.

If you compare that to Britain in our April 2012 petrol survey, the average litre of petrol was 142p and average monthly salary after tax ￡1,660.52. This meant 10.3 percent of wages is spent on filling up the tank.

It’s not all plain sailing for countries with cheap petrol however. Turkmenistan has an average petrol price of 17p, putting it seventh of our list of cheap petrol.

However, this equates to a monthly bill of ￡20.53 to fill up a motor – and with the average monthly wage before income sitting at ￡115.42, it means 17.79 percent of wages are spent on petrol.

This is easily the highest figure in the list and to put it into perspective, of the countries that made up the top ten expensive places for fuel, only three have higher percentage of income going on fuel bills.

These are Eritrea (61.1 percent),Turkey (34.2 percent) and Greece (25.4 percent).

10. Iran

Price per litre: 21p Monthly cost: ￡25.36

Income (after tax): ￡388.68 Percentage of monthly income spent on petrol: 6.53 percent

9. Algeria

Price per litre: 17p Monthly cost: ￡20.53

Income (after tax): ￡173.26 Percentage of monthly income spent on petrol: 11.85 percent

8. Kuwait

Price per litre: 17p Monthly cost: ￡20.53

Income (after tax): ￡1,703.98 Percentage of monthly income spent on petrol: 1.2 percent

7. Turkmenistan

Price per litre: 17p Monthly cost: ￡20.53

Income (after tax): ￡115.42 Percentage of monthly income spent on petrol: 17.79 percent

6. Libya

Price per litre: 15p Monthly cost: ￡18.12

Income (after tax): ￡544.94 Percentage of monthly income spent on petrol: 3.32 percent

5. Bahrain

Price per litre: 15p Monthly cost: ￡18.12

Income (after tax): ￡998.19 Percentage of monthly income spent on petrol: 1.81 percent

4. Qatar

Price per litre: 12p Monthly cost: ￡14.49

Income (after tax): ￡3,664.92 Percentage of monthly income spent on petrol: 0.40 percent

3. Saudi Arabia

Price per litre: 10p Monthly cost: ￡12.08

Income (after tax): ￡1,234.78 Percentage of monthly income spent on petrol: 0.98 percent

2. Egypt

Price per litre: 9p Monthly cost: ￡10.87

Income (after tax): ￡247.35 Percentage of monthly income spent on petrol: 4.39 percent

1. Venezuela

Price per litre: 8p Monthly cost: ￡9.66

Income (after tax): ￡354.48 Percentage of monthly income spent on petrol: 2.73 percent

雅思閱讀材料：卡梅倫奧運(yùn)會(huì)看啥啥輸?

When Bradley Wiggins goes for gold tomorrow afternoon in the men's cycling time trial the Tour de France champion could be forgiven for checking the crowd nervously for the face of the prime minister, who is starting to get a reputation as a bit of a jinx.

So far both Wiggins' cycling colleague Mark Cavendish and Olympic poster boy Tom Daley have been denied medals by what has been dubbed the "Curse of Cameron".

The prime minister was present at the trackside when Cavendish failed to win Team GB's first Gold of the Games as expected.

And he was in the stands when Daley and his partner Peter Waterfield came an agonising fourth in the synchronized diving.

The curse is not restricted to the Olympics. A few weeks ago Cameron was at Wimbledon to see Andy Murray let slip a lead against Roger Federer in the tennis.

Fortunately for Britain's male gymnasts however the prime minister stayed away from the North Greenwich Arena last night where they won the country's first medal in the event for 100 years.

Although suspicions were raised that Cameron had peeked his head round the door after the team's medal was downgraded from silver to bronze.

Nerves may also be frayed in the Team GB beach volleyball camp, as the event is taking place in Horse Guards Parade next door to Cameron's Downing Street home.

Yesterday, when asked, No.10 admitted that Cameron probably "had a peek" at the event.

The British hopefuls must be crossing their fingers that the curtains are drawn during their matches.

如果環(huán)法自行車賽布拉德利?威金斯在爭(zhēng)奪男子公路自行車個(gè)人計(jì)時(shí)賽的賽場(chǎng)上，緊張地環(huán)顧人群，看首相卡梅倫有沒有來觀戰(zhàn)，那我們一定要原諒他，因?yàn)榭穫愂紫嘁验_始被譽(yù)為奧運(yùn)會(huì)掃帚星。

截至目前，威金斯的隊(duì)友馬克?卡文迪什和奧運(yùn)明星湯姆?戴利也因?yàn)椤翱穫愒{咒”沒能摘得獎(jiǎng)牌。

卡梅倫觀看了卡文迪什的比賽，但卡文迪什沒能如眾人希望的那樣為英國(guó)隊(duì)摘得本屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)的枚。

戴利和搭檔彼得?沃特菲爾德在雙人跳水比賽中屈居第四，當(dāng)時(shí)卡梅倫也在一旁觀戰(zhàn)。

“卡梅倫詛咒”不僅限于奧運(yùn)賽場(chǎng)。幾周前，卡梅倫在溫布爾登球場(chǎng)觀戰(zhàn)時(shí)，安迪-穆雷輸?shù)艉蛯?duì)陣羅杰-費(fèi)德勒的比賽。

英國(guó)男子體操隊(duì)很幸運(yùn)?？穫悰]有前往北格林威治體育場(chǎng)觀戰(zhàn)，因此他們拿下了一百年來英國(guó)隊(duì)在該項(xiàng)目的首枚獎(jiǎng)牌。

但有人懷疑，在英國(guó)隊(duì)的銀牌被降為銅牌后，卡梅倫在門口偷瞄了幾眼。

英國(guó)沙灘排球隊(duì)也許也緊張起來了，因?yàn)樯碁┡徘蛸愒诨始因T兵衛(wèi)隊(duì)閱兵場(chǎng)舉行，臨近卡梅倫在唐寧街的官邸。

昨天，英國(guó)政府在追問下承認(rèn)卡梅倫可能會(huì)去“悄悄看一下”比賽。

這些英國(guó)的種子選手就祈禱比賽時(shí)卡梅倫被隔在窗簾外面吧。

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