初二英語上學期知識點
英語的應用越來越廣泛了，我們必須好好來學習英語知識，通過不斷的總結，才能讓英語學習變得更加輕松和簡單，從而提升英語成績，下面是初二英語上學期知識點，希望對大家的英語學習有所幫助，歡迎參考。
初二英語上學期知識點
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
[語法解析]
不定代詞:不指名代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。用法注意:
1. some和any +可數(shù)名/不可數(shù)名。some多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑問句和條件從句。有些間句中用some,不用any,問話者希望得到對方肯定回答。
2.由some, any, no, every構成的復合不定代詞作主語時，其謂語動詞用第三單
3.不定代詞若有定語修飾，該定語要置于其后:如: somehing interesting
一、知識點:
1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth為某人買某物
2. taste + adj.嘗起來....
3. nothing ..but + V. (原形)除了...外什么都沒有
4. seem+ (tobe) + adj看起來
5.arrive in+大地方
arrive at+小地方到達某地
6. decide to do sth.決定做某事
7. try doing sth.嘗試做某事
try to do sth.盡力做某事
8. enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事
9. want to do sth.想去做某事
10. start doing sth.開始做某事=begin doing sth.
11. stop doing sth.停止做某事
區(qū)分: stop to do sth.停下來去做某事
dislike doing sth.不喜歡做某事
14. so+ adj+ that +從句如...以至....
16. tell sb. (not) to do sth.告訴某人(不要)做某事
17. keep doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事
18. forget to do sth.忘記去做某事
forget doing sth忘記做過某事
二、詞語辨析:
1 、take a photo/ take photos拍照
quite a few+名詞復數(shù)“許多..”
2、seeng[形容詞看起來-.. You seem happy today.
to do sth.似乎、好像做某事
I seem to have a cold
It seems +從句似-. It seems that no one believe you.
seem like -.好像，似乎... It seems like a good idea,
3、 { arive in +大地點，= gtto= reach+地點名“到達..
arrive at +小地點
(注:若后跟地點副詞here/therehome,介詞需省略，如: arive here; get home)
4. feel like sth/ doing sth.感覺像是...
5. wonder“想知道”，+疑問詞(who, what, why)引導的從句。
because of +名/代/-ing
Because+從句，表示直接明確的原因或理由。
He can’t take a walk because of the rain.
1 don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.
7.enough +名詞：“足夠..”
形容詞/副詞+enough
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
[語法解析]
1.頻率副詞: always, usually, often, sometimes, never
頻率副詞在句中通常放在實義動詞之前，be動詞或助動詞之后。常用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)
2.“次數(shù)”的表達方法
一次once,兩次twice,三次或三次以上用基數(shù)詞+ times, three times,five times
3、howoften “多久- -次”問頻率，回答常含有頻率詞組或短語。
常見的how疑問詞:
1) How soo多久(以后)
- How soon will he be back?他多久能回來?
- He will be back in a month.他一個月后能回來。
eg.-How long did it take you to clean the house?你打掃房子用了多久?
- -It took me half an hour to clean the house.我打掃這房子用了半小時。
3) How many+名復How much+不可名“多少”問數(shù)量(how much還可問價格)二知識點: .
1. go to the movies去看電影
2. look after= take care of照顧
3. surf the internet.上網(wǎng)
4. healthy ifestyle健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding去劃板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy保持健康
7. eatina habits飲食習慣
8. take more exercise做更多的運動
9. thesameas與什么相同
10. be dfertfrom不同
11. oncea month一月一次
12. twice a week一周兩次
13.make a dfference to對什么有影響
14. most of the students=most student
15. shop=qo shopping=do some
17. bebadfor對什么有害some shopping
購物16.begoodfor對什么有益18. come home from school放學回家
19.of course = certainly= sure當然
20. get g0 grades取得好成績
21. keepbe in good hea
22. take a vacation去度假于成項
[詞語辨析]
一、maybe/may be
1. The baby is crying，_____she is hungry.
2. The woman _____ _____a teacher.
maybe是副詞，意為“大概，可能，或許”，一般用于句首。 May be是情態(tài)動詞，意為可能是.，也許是..，.大概是..
3.a few/few/a little /little
①________people can live to 100,but_________people can live to 150.
②There is____time left, I dont catch the first bus.
③Could you give me_______milk?
a few少數(shù)的，幾個，
a little(點兒少量)表示肯定
few很少的，幾乎沒有
little (很少的，幾乎沒有)表示否定
hard / hardly
① The ground is too______ to dig .
②I can understand them.
③ hard作形容詞，意為困難的，艱苦的，硬的":作副詞，意為“努力地，猛烈地"。
Hardly意為幾乎不"。
4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .
as for...意思是“至于:關于"，+名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式(即動名詞)。
As for him, I never want to see him here.至于他，我永遠不希望在這里見到。
As for the story, youd better not believeit.關于那故事，你最好不要相信。
5.That sounds interesting.
這是"主語+系動詞+表語”結構的簡單句。sound (聽起來)，loo (看起來)，smell(聞起來)，taste (嘗起來)，feel (覺得)，seem (好象)，grow (變得) ,get
(變得)等詞在英語中可用作系動詞，后跟形容詞作表語。如:
It tastes good.這味道好。
The music sounds very sweet.這音樂聽起來很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier.煙霧變得越來越濃了。
2. Be about (介詞)“是關..+名/代/V-ing
4.Here be is+名單:Here is a photo of my family.
“這是..”are +名復:Here are some books.
5.find(found)+that從句:發(fā)現(xiàn)....
Eg:! found that most students go to school by bike.
6.percent名詞，百分之....
百分數(shù)用基數(shù)+ perent (不用復數(shù)形式), percent做主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)其后面的名詞來確定
e.g. 50% fifty percent百分之五十
Fifly percent of the apples are bad.
50%的蘋果都壞了。
Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge.
20%的`肉都在冰箱
7.not ..…at all"一點也不”
not應放在be動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞之后。
The story isnt interesting at all.
那個故事一點也沒有趣。
8. It is+ adj. to do sth.干某事是.....
例如:It is interesting to play computer games.玩電腦很有趣。
9.the best way to do _sth.做某事的最好方式
e.g. The best way to learmn English is through more practice
10. take, spend, pay
It takes sb.sometime to do sth.“花費某人多少時間來做某事"。
人(sb.) spend時間錢on sth.“買某物花了...錢”。
(in) doing“花費多少時間來做某事”。
pay的主語必須是人，而“花錢買某物”為pay .. for
11.however副詞，意為“然而，可是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系，可放在句首、句中、句末
初二英語上學期知識點梳理
1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a....,every...用一般現(xiàn)在時，第一、二人稱復數(shù)后跟動詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)后跟動詞加s/es。
2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment ....用現(xiàn)在進行時，結構是be (am, is, are) +v-ing
3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段時間, some day, next....用一般將來時，結構:will + v原 be going to +v原(沒有動詞用be )
4、如有yesterday, ......ago , last....just now.....用一般過去時動詞加ed
give sb. Sth.=give sth. to sb. 給某人某物 every day每天,
write down 寫下，記下write it (them) down everyday每天的，日常的,
how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做....怎么樣 each other 互相.
thanks a lot= thank you very much非常謝謝
回答Thats all right. =Youre welcome.= ThatOK.= Its my pleasure.=Not at all.Why dont you+V原...=why not+...V原 為什么不
help sb. with sth. 在某方面幫助別人 help sb. (to )do sth.幫助某人做某事
with ones help=with the help of sb.在某人的幫助help oneself to sth.請自用食物
watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事，(現(xiàn)在沒有做，做過)
watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事(正在做)see, hear類似
remember to do sth.想起記得要做某事，未做事 remember doing sth.相起記得做過某事
forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事 forget doing sth.忘記做過某事
welcome back歡迎回來 , new term新學期
this term這學期 , next term 下學學期,
last term上學期, give you some advice給你一些建議
why not 為什么不, make a mistake=make mistakes犯錯誤
correct spelling正確的拼寫, what else?=what other things? 還有什么
a piece of advice 一條建議, follow /take ones advice采用別人的建議,
send sth to sb.=send sb. sth. 寄給某人 send for派人去請/取
send up發(fā)射. all the time一直
enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快
lots of =a lot of =many(可數(shù))much(不可數(shù))許多 , ,
spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花費時間做某事
sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花費時間做某事
Sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花費錢買某物
Sb. spend some money (in) buying sth.某人花費錢買某物
Cost: sth. cost sb. some money 某物花去某人錢
pay: sb. pay some money for sth. 某人支付錢
Take: It takes (took) sb.some time to do sth.做某事花去某人時間
ask for 請求，要求, ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物
ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 a piece of一塊
enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事.finish,practise, mind, miss ,consider,keep, continue,這些詞語后跟動名詞形式V-ing
place sth.in =put sth. in 把某物放在…里面
else常修飾不定代詞，關系代詞或副詞，也可修飾all, much,little等，else要位于其后。所有格為elses.
take a deep breath深呼吸, catchhold ones breath屏住呼吸,
out of breath上氣不接下氣, wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事,
the number of …的數(shù)目，后跟名詞復數(shù)，動詞用三單, a number of =many,大量，許多后跟名詞復數(shù)，動詞用復數(shù)形式。a large number of， a small number of ,
invite sb.to do sth. 邀請某人做某事 find+ it+ adj+to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣
try to do sth.盡力做事 try doing sth. 嘗試做某事
try not to do sth .盡力不做某事 try ones best盡某人最大的努力,
a group of 一組，一群, borrow sth from sb.從某人處借入某物,
lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth.借給某人某物 keep借一段時間
practice doing sth.,練習做做某事 come from=be from來自,
look for 尋找, look after=care for=take care of照顧
look up 向上看，查閱, look like看起來像,
look at 看著, look on sb. as把某人看作,
look forward to doing sth. 盼望，期待做某事 look over檢查，翻閱 ,
look out當心，向外看 , look through仔細查看,
be ready for =get ready for=prepare for為…, be ready準備好 ,
be (get ) ready to do sth.準備做某事，樂意做某事
translate…into… 將…譯成…，
take a message捎個信， leave a message留個信，
be good for 對…有好處， be good at =do well in擅長于…
be poor at =be bad at =do badly in=be weak in不擅長… Think of想起，
think about想出， think over仔細考慮，
else修飾不定代詞something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,
nobody和who, what,when,where時放后，
四說，1,speak說語言，2.say說內(nèi)容，3,talk與誰說，4,tell告訴，講述，
四看，1,watch觀看電視，比賽和表演，2,see看人，電影，醫(yī)生，風景，
3,read看書，報，4,look就看。 看場電影要用see，讀書看報用read 電視、戲劇、比賽，凡是表演用watch,observe細觀察，一時注意用notice.
make+賓語+補足語(形容詞)使某人某物怎么樣。
.make+賓語+do 讓某人做某事
make+賓語+過去分詞 使某人被怎么樣;make friends with sb.與某人交朋友，
hear of聽說， hear from收到某人的來信，
be bad for對…有害， it is +adj.+of sb +to do sth.寫性格，品質(zhì) kind, good
nice ,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等。
It is+adj+for sb +to do sth. 對物的評價difficult,easy hard,dangerous,important,等
write to… 給…寫信， next to 在…旁邊，
do some concerts辦音樂會， speak to sb.和某人講話，
say hello to sb. 給某人問好， say bye to sb.向某人說再見，
show sb. around somewhere帶某人參觀某地，
learn sth from sb.向某人學習
choose the correct answers選擇正確答案, correct the mistakes改錯,
match …with…把…和…搭配起來
建議:1.why dont you do sth?=why not do sth?
2.How about doing sth?=what about doing sth?
3.You should /can do sth. 4.Remember to do sth.
5.Dont forget to do sth. 6.can you do sth ?
7.Lets do sth. 8.Itsa good idea to do
9.would you like to do ? 10.Shall we do
11.Youd better (not )do sth.
回答:Thats a good idea.Thanks a lot.
Great, OK. Thats right. All right. Good idea. Sure.
初二英語語法知識點：動詞+介詞
1.look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料…
2.listen to…聽……
3.welcome to…歡迎到……
4.say hello to …向……問好
5.speak to…對……說話
此類短語相當于及物動詞，其后必須帶賓語，但賓語無論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。
初二英語語法知識點：動詞+副詞
“動詞+副詞”所構成的短語義分為兩類：
A.動詞(vt.)+副詞
1.put on 穿上 2.take off脫下 3.write down記下
此類短語可以帶賓語，賓語若是名詞，放在副詞前后皆可;賓語若是人稱代詞，只能放在副詞的前面。
B.動詞(vi)+副詞。
1.come on趕快 2.get up起床 3.go home回家
4.come in進來 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up起立
此類短語屬于不及物動詞，不可以帶賓語。
初二英語語法知識點：其它類動詞詞組
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介詞短語聚焦]
“介詞+名詞/代詞”所構成的短語稱為介詞短語?，F(xiàn)將Unitsl-16常用的介詞短語按用法進行歸類。
1.in+語言/顏色/衣帽等，表示使用某種語言或穿著……。
2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/隊/班級/年級”等。
3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段時間。
4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在書桌/鉛筆盒/臥室里”。
5.in the tree表示“在樹上 (非樹本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在樹上(為樹本身所有)”。
6.in the wall表示“在墻上(凹陷進去)”;on the wall表示“在墻上(指墻的表面)”。
7.at work(在工作)/at school(上學)/at home(在家)應注意此類短語中無the。
8.at + 時刻表示鐘點。
9.like this/that表示方式，意為“像……這/那樣”。
10.of短語表示所屬關系。
11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名詞等，表示方位、處所。
12.from與to多表示方向，前者意為“從……”，后者意為“到……”。
另外，以下這些短語也必須掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。